Piston for internal combustion motors



21, 1 939.. I E, c LONG 2,147,819 I PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Filed Oct. 14, 1935 INVENTOR.

I Q I V ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 21, 1 939 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PISTON FOR. INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Elmer 0. Long, Grosse Pointe Park, Mich.

Application October 14, 1935, Serial No. 44,815

9 Claims. (Cl. 309-13) This invention relates to pistons'for internal the inner ends thereof, as shown in Figs. 2, combustion motors, and pertains more particuand 6. v i larly to pistons made of an aluminum alloy metal, Integrally joined with the head I and the side and having the cylinder bearing walls or sections wall 2 thereof is a web I, said web paralleling the 5 of the skirt disconnected from the side wall of pin bosses and being disposed on one side of the 5 the head and resiliently and flexibly connected axial center of the pin boss axis, toward the to the pin bosses. power thrust side A of the piston skirt and hav- The invention is a furthering of the improveing downwardly extending eri'd portions 8 which ments in pistons disclosed in U. S. Letters Patent are joined with the inner surfaces of respective 10 2,017,630 and 2,068,341, granted to me October pin boss legs 4. 10 1935, and January 19, 1937, respectively, the The end portions 8 of the web I are relatively instant applicationhaving distinctly difi'erent and wide in thickness and by reason of said web I specific features, not disclosed in either of said being disposed offset to the axial center of the patents. pin boss axis, the end portions 8 are also dis- 15 The main object of the inven ion is to provide posed offset to the pin bosses 5 (Figs. 4, 5 and 6), 15 a piston whereby thermal expansion of the head W ere'th y jo n W e i n ends of respective on a diameter across the pin bosses, is made cop n oss at the p and betfom thereof. as actable with the skirt sections through webs or shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. supports from the pin bosses to the sections, so The power thrust side A of the piston skirt go that the piston structure will act to prevent the comprises a cylinder bearing slipper section 9 skirt sections seizing with the cylinder wall, as which is indirectly connected to the pin bosses the piston grows or expands under heat. 5 by a pair of webs I0 which diverge from the Another object of the invention is to provide a intermediate portion of the slipper section 9 and piston having a pair of opposing slipper sections are jo a their pp e ds with resp v with a specific form of supporting webs for one end portions 8 of the web I.

skirt section and another form of supporting webs Oppositely disposed from the power thrust for the other skirt section, and with means 00- ide A the Compression thrust e B of the operable with the webs of one of the skirt sections pis on skirt, whi h mpr a p r of yli for providing adjustment thereto. bearing slipper sections II which are separated Other objects and advantages will appear as from one another by a longitudinal slot I2 which 30 this description progresses and by reference to extends from end to end of said slipper sect on the drawing, in which: each slipper section II being indirectly connected Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a piston to a respective D bOSS by a Web J each Web l3 constructed in accordance with my invention. jo ng w a esp e end portion 3 of the Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken apweb I at its inner end. 35 proximately on the line II-II of Fig. 1. Connecting the webs I3 at points intermediate Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken aptheir length, is a tie bolt I4 having pairs of lock proximately on the line IIIIII of Fig. 2. nuts I5 thereon, said tie bolt if desired, being of a Figure 4 is an open end view of tn ist material-having a lesser co-eificient of expansion 40 shown in Fig. 1. than the material of the piston proper, said tie 40 Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken b in pa l of m n p l f pr vidin approximately on the line V-V of Fig. 2. adjustment to the slipper sections I I for drawing Figure 6 is a horizontal sectionalview taken them w s each other for adjustably epaapproximately on the line VI-VI of Fig. 2. ratin t em- Referring to the drawing, this improved piston e a an e t O t e p rt o s 8 0f the 45 comprises a head I having a side wall 2 with web I is such wherein they provide connectorspacking ring recesses 3 on its outer periphery, for the inner ends of the webs l0 and I3, to the and depended from the side wall 2 in opposite inn r ends of respective P b05565 a ove and disposition, are a pair of legs 4 and formed inte-v low the pi ores f the p n bosses. s i ral with the lower end of each leg, is a pin boss nated at I6 and I1 respe The Webs arid 5. Each leg 4 where it joins with the. side wall 2 I3 at their juncture with respective end portions of the head has an inwardly and downwardly inor connectors 8 of the web' I, are formed with clining portion 8, for disposing the legs 4 inward- 'an auxiliary pin boss I8, each of which is pro- 1y so that they join with respective pin bosses at vided with a pin bore in alinement with the pin bores of the pin bosses 5, and through which a piston pin (not shown) is mounted.

The pin bores of the auxiliary pin bosses [8 may be horizontally elongated if desired, to permit ease of flexing of the webs i and I8 when the inner ends thereof, fulcrum at the end portions or connectors 8 of the web I, when the pin bosses are moved outward by expansion of the head I of the piston, or when the pin bosses are moved inward due to contraction of the piston head.

The slipper sections 9 and II which provide the skirt for the piston are separated from the side wall 2 of the head by transverse slots I9, and

) when a piston of this improved character has been completely finished ready for mounting in the cylinder of an internal combustion motor, if desired, a nicety of fit can be provided-by manipulating and securing the tie bolt l l in a manner to provide a required setting of the slipper sections ii on the compression thrust side 13 of the piston skirt, so that a minimum of working clearance may be acquired on a diameter across the thrust sides A and B, in respect to the cylinder in which the piston is to be reciprocably mounted.

At the present time, pistons of this character are preferably made of an aluminum alloy metal and which metal while having resiliently yield- 0 able characteristics, has a larger co-efficient of expansion than the cast iron cylinder in which the piston is mounted. In the operation of this improved piston, expansion of the head I of thepiston on adiameter across the legs 4 of the pin bosses 5, will carry the pin bosses outwardly from one another to a maximum extent because of the material thickness of the web I which parallels the pin bosses, and consequently, the joined ends of the webs Ill and, [3 by reason of being connected to the inner ends of the pin bosses by the end portions 8 of the web 1, the inner ends of the webs I0 and I3 and the auxiliary pin bosses I8, will also be carried outwardly and the webs l0 and I3 will be affected thereby in the following manner:

The webs [0 when having their inner ends I moved outwardly from one another by-expansion of the head, will tend to exert a pulling force on the outer ends of said webs where they connect with the slipper section 8, with a consequent pulling or holding in of said slipper section, and as said webs converge from their points of connection with the auxiliary pin bosses I8 and/or the connectors 8 on one side of the pin boss axis and on the power thrust side of the skirt, the drawing-in action of the slipper section 9 by the spreading of the inner ends of said webs, will operate faster than if said webs were connected at the pin boss axis. The action of the outwardly moving pin bosses on the webs i3, due to expansion of the head, will spread the inner endsof said webs, and the tie bolt I4 on account of its intermediate connection therewith, will cause the intermediate portions of the webs to fulcrum at the points where they are engaged by the tie bolt i4 and the outer ends of said webs where they join with respective slipper sections II, will be swung inwardly in a manner wherein said slipper sections II will tend to be moved towards each other, thereby in a manner holding the peripheries thereof from seizing engagement with the cylinder wall due to expansion of the piston as a whole.

The offset disposition of the web I and its end portions 8 with respect to the pin boss axis,

on the power thrust side of the piston, providesfor a counterbalancing of the tie bolt l4 and its locking nuts IS, on the compression thrust side of the piston. The connectors 8 or end portions of the web 1, also provide for a common fulcrum for, each set of webs l0 and I3, for enhancing the flexing activity of the inner ends of said webs i8 and I 3.

As shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, each slipper section ll circumferentially tapers in wall thickness from. a maximum at their points of support with respective webs I 3, to a minimum at their free ends at the longitudinal slot l2, for providing resilient yieldability to said sections and the compression thrust side B of the piston.

Having thus described my invention so that those skilled in the art will be able to practice the same, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is defined in what is claimed, it being understood that various changes in the piston shown and described above in detail and not amounting to invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. A piston having a head and pin bosses depending therefrorn, and a single web extending across the head and paralleling the pin bosses, said web being disposed on one side of the axial center of the pin bosses and being the only web extending across the head of the piston.

2. A piston comprising a head having a side wall, a pair of opposing pin boss supports depending from the side wall. and a single web extending across the head parallel to the pin boss supports and having end portions joining the pin boss supports, said web being disposed on one side of the axial center of the piston and being the only web extending across the head.

3. A piston comprising a head, a skirt having a compression thrust side and a power thrust side, pin bosses, a single web extending across the head and paralleling the pin bosses on one side of the axial center of the pin bosses on the power thrust side of the skirt, said web being the only web extending across the head and having end portions joining the inner ends of respective pin bosses, and a wall extending at right angles from each end portion of said web to the compression thrust side of the skirt.

4. A piston comprising a head, a skirt having a compression thrust side divided into a pair of 0 slipper sections, and a 'power thrust side, pin bosses, and a single web extending across the head and paralleling the pin bosses on one side of the axial center of the pin bosses on the power thrust side of the skirt, said webbeing the only web extending across the head.

5. A piston comprising a head, a skirt having a compression thrust side, and a power thrust side, pin bosses, a single web extending across the head and paralleling the pin bosses on one side, the axial center of the pin bosses on the power-"thrust side of the skirt, said web being the only web extending across the head and having end portions joining the inner ends of respective pin bosses, and angular walls extending from each end portion of said web to respective thrust sides of the skirt.

ing across the head and having end portions joining the inner ends of respective pin bosses, and a wall extending at right angles from each end portion of said web to a respective slipper section of said compression thrust side.

7. A piston comprising a head, a skirt having a compression thrust side divided into a pair of slipper sections and a power thrust side, pin bosses, a single web extending across the head and paralleling the pin bosses on one side of the axial center of the pin bosses on the power thrust side of the skirt, said web having end portions joining the inner ends of respective pin bosses and being the only web extending across the head, a wall extending .at right angles from each end portion of said web to a respective slipper section of said compression thrust side, and a tying member connecting the intermediate portions of said walls. A 8. ,A piston comprising a; head, a skirt having a compression thrust side divided into a pair of slipper sections and a power thrust side, pin

' bosses depended from the head,-a web extending across the head on one side of the axial center of the piston and paralleling the pin bosses and having downwardly extending end portions each joining the inner end of'a respective pin boss, said web being the only web extending across the head, a wall extending at right angles from each end portion of said web to a respective slipper section of said compression thrust side, and a pair of diverging walls extending from the medial portion of said power side, each being connectedat their inner ends portion of said web.

9. A piston comprising a head, a skirt having opposing'thrust sides, a pair of legs depending from the head, a pin boss carried by each leg, a web extending across the head parallel to the pin bosses and having downwardly extending end portions joining with the legs and the inner ends of the pin bosses above and below the pin boss bores, said web and the end portions thereof being disposed offset with respect to the axial to a respective end center 01 the piston; and a wall extending from.

each side of respective end portions of said web to respective skirt thrust sides.

ELMER C. LONG. 

